Package



ou. 21, 1947. F; P, woon 2,429,538

' PACKAGE Filed Jan. 5, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 F. P. WOOD Octal, 1947.

PACKAGE Filed Jan.- 5, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 21, 1947 PACKAGE Frederick P. Wood, Adrian, Mich., assignor to Simplex Paper Corporation, Adrian, Mich., a

corporation of Michigan Application January 5, 1944, serial No. 517,122

claims. (ci. 229-14 My invention relates to a package for containing one or more articles, units or pieces of equipment, designed particularly for overseas shipment. By the features of my invention herein disclosed, I aim to provide for the package contents protection against contact from water, even though the package -be submerged, Wholly or in part, within a body of water for a period of many hours or even days.

In the attainment of this end I am concerned primarily with the application to a suitable container, such as a box or carton, of 'a multiply paper lining which is waterproof to the extent of being vapor-impermeable, both as to its texture and to the seams thereof, and which is expansible or yieldable, both as to its texture and to its seams, to resist any extreme or excessive shocks or strains that may be encountered as the result of handling or rough treatment. It is expected that the box or carton shall be sufficiently strong to carry and sustain the load that it contains, and that a suitable and suiilcient packingwill surround the contents lto aiord the necessity and usual protection thereto.Y But such a container is not, and usually cannot be, proof against damage to its contents from Water, or even vapor, which is relativelyV free to enter to the interior of the package. The present types of containers, however, may be rendered tight against damaging effects of water and/or vapor by the provision of a liner as hereinafter described, and it is primarily with the attainment of this objective that the present invention hasbeen designed.

Fig.A 3 is an enlarged detail in section, taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 4 is a. view in perspective of the liner sheet when i'lrst folded into envelope form, preliminary to further folding into the form of a bottomed linersuitable for reception within a container of proper dimensions; y

Fig..5 is a lsectional perspective view of a section of laminated, creped and corrugated paper sheet that is specially adapted for use in making of the liner; 1

Fig. 6 shows the liner erected, extended outwardly, `and open at the top, as when conditioned for reception of contents therewithin;

Fig. 7 is a similar viw except'that the liner sides adjacent the top are here shown as folded inwardly, one upon the other, in the rst stage of forming a closure;

Fig. 8, wherein the liner top is in its second stage of closing, shows the overlapped top sections folded upon themselves and united to form l an expansible seam; and

Fig."9 is a perspective viewof the completed liner as it appears when its folds and flaps are The liner which is part of the present package is extended within the container closely adjacent all of its walls, including the topand bottom. It thus forms a complete envelope or enclosing bag for the container contents. If desired, an inner box or carton may be tted around the packing for further protection of the package contents, and in such ca-se the liner of this invention which is extended closely around the interior adhesively sealed and secured.`A

The package with which I am here concerned comprises an outer container C (of metal, wood, paper board, liber or other suitable material) in the general form of a box or carton having sides l5, ends I6, a bottom Il and, when closed, a top (not illustrated). Such a container aiTords to the package the -necessary structural strength for protection of its contents, here shown as an article or piece of equipment I8 surrounded by an appropriate packing I9 (see Fig. 2). This protection is designed to withstand pressures, shocks, and usage incidental to handling', storage, shipment, etc., but does not and cannot prevent admission of water and/or vapor to the package interior in the continued presence of heavy weather or a surrounding body of water. Since conditions such as these are `commonly encountered in the case of military and other shipments, particularly those sent overseas, something more than what has heretofore been supplied is manifestly required to prevent damage to the package contents. According to my invention this deficiency is met by a liner L of novel and improved construction, the liner being oversize when fitted within the container so as to have capacity for lying, without distension, against the interior faces of the container whereby it is externally supported against the internal pressures which proceed outwardly from a compressible packing and contents therewithin.

The' liner is desirably made from a multiply or g cated number) of kraft paper, preferably 30 lbs.

or more in weight, with intervening plies :r and y of asphalt or other waterproong material applied to the amount of 60 lbs. or so per ream for each ply. In addition, at least one ply w (the one to the outside of the liner) is creped to enhance e flexibility and stretchability of the paper. While the innermost ply u is deslrably retained smooth, i. e., uncreped, I prefer to corrugate the entire laminated structure in a direction which is transverse or diagonal to the ruga of the creping of the outermost ply. The two separated layers of asphalt which may be applied hot are each spread to form a continuous unbroken adhesive film between two adjacent plies. When put together in this fashion, the paper plies become, in effect, a tough, flexible and stretchable vehicle for the waterproofing and preservative material in the form of two separated impervious sheets each extending continuously, coextensively, and in spaced relation to each other, over the entire area of the liner.

A multiply or laminated paper sheet of this general description, when cut to the' requisite size, is initially folded upon itself along a central bend line, as at a, and its two ends through a narrow band, defined by the line b, are united into a closed seam s by a viscous plastic adhesive c, such as'a waterproofing glue or rubber cement. At this first stage, the folded liner with seamed ends is in the general form of a fiapless envelope open along one edge for its full length (see Fig. 4) ready for further folding through the stages illustrated in Figs. 6-9 along certain bend lines, indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 4, which are duplicated for each wall of the envelope. These bend lines for each wall comprise one d' which extends for the length of the envelope, parallel with the central line a, a pair e and f, one parallel with each end of the envelope and relatively close thereto, and another pair a and h which proceed divergingly from the free edge of the envelope, through intersections of the lines e and rJ with the line d to points adjacent ends of the line a where they meet at angles of 45 with the band lines b.

An envelope so formed is adapted to be set up by ilrst unfolding along the central bend line a and by then folding along the remaining bend lines to provide a flat bottomed enclosing hner,

Y as illustrated in Fig. 6. Here it will be noted the vertically extending seams s undergo a change in vthat a reverse bend takes place along the band lines b to form tongues, each liner end E then comprising two sections 25 and 26 which are expansibly joined by these seams. The dimensions of the liner bottom are determined by the spac-A ing between the bend lines d (for the width) and of the bend lines e and f (for the length); and the triangular flaps 21 which upstand from the bottom, one to the outside of each liner end, represent the sum of the two triangles on opposite sides of the bend lines g and h adjacent the closed cornersof the envelope. Preliminary to erection of the liner, the envelope may be folded along the parallel lines d and the diagonal lines g and h to a flat condition in which its contour is substantially that of a rectangle, and it may then be stacked along with others similarly con- The liner when erected for fitting into the container will present its ends E and sides S (these terms being used in a relative sense) upstanding for a distance suillclent to provide material for inward folding to form a closure at the top. This closure forming operation may take place either before or after the liner is introduced into the container, depending largely upon the nature of the contents that is packed within the liner.

l As shown, a bend line i is extended horizontally along the ends and sides of the liner in a single plane, and converging bend lines i and Ic are extended upwardly from the bend line i upon the end sections 25 and 26 whereby to facilitate inward folding of the upper portions 2l and 2l of the liner walls from the position of Pig. 6 to that of Fig. "I. At this point the overlapped portions of the top closure are adhesively united, as by a heavy plastic glue or cement p and folded upon each other to provide, in effect. a continui g5 liner ends over which they depend, or are reversely folded to lie against the liner top closure and be adhesively connected thereto. Either or both flap arrangements may be employed, one of each being indicated in Fig. 9. .After being closed and sealed in the manner described, the container top (not shown) is applied and secured in place. and the package is ready for shipment. l

When first placed within a container of proper size, and prior to expansion in response to internal pressure, the liner is desirably oversize and loosely disposed, somewhat as indicated in Fig- 1. With contents in place, protected by a suitable pack-'- ing. the liner may then be displaced outwardly,

40 without distension, to lie closely against the inner faces of the containerwalls. The liner walls and also the expansible seams are thereafter free to yield or give, as required, thereby to avoid rupture or breakage at any point. In so doing the glue or cement of rubber or other plastic material may both stretch and separate from the surfaces to which it is adhered, as needed. This condition of stretch and separation is indicated in Fig. 2 where it will be noted the band line b has also shifted to permit expansion at the seam.

Continuity of two spaced layers of asphalt spread between the liner plies is maintained at every point over the liner surface, and where interrupted by the-expansible seams at the liner ends and top, a heavy spread of waterproong adhesive is applied, as necessary, to provide an effective seal at such places. The result is a completely waterproof and vapor impermeable package capable even of withstanding immersion in do water for periods of days with complete protection to the package contents.

In the handling of such a package hard usage is frequently encountered. The outer box or container may be subject to severe strains, as

l5 when the package is dropped a distancef several feet or more on to a hard and unyielding surface. In any such event, the liner is: subject to the same sharp and severe strainsftendlng to become ruptured or broken. It is important that 7G the liner construction be such as to successfully withstand any such s hocks and treatment. According to my invention this objective is attained by eason of one or more of thefeaturcs heretofqelnoted, viz., (1) oversize nt of the liner 76 within the container against whose walls the liner normally remains limp and free of distensions so as to receive and withstand, without rupture, the pressures and strains emanating either from Within or Without the package, (2) expansible seams extending upwardly from the liner bottom along each end and over the top, each seam comprising a plastic glue or cement and a reversely folded tongue permitting yboth stretching and parting of the glue or cement and shifting of the tongue fold when excessive strains are encountered, (3) creping of at least the outside ply of the liner material to enhance its flexibility, stretchability and toughness, .the crepe ruga being disposed lengthwise of the liner envelope (see Fig. 4), or'vertically of the erected liner, and (4) ribbing or corrugating of the .entire laminated sheet in a direction which is transversely of or diagonal to the ruga of the creping (see Fig. 5). A liner so constructed may give to a considerable extent, and absorb shocks to a high degree, without damage to itself so as to maintain without impairment the protection which it is designed to aii'ord to the package contents.

The seams that must be present in every package liner are usually the point of greatest trouble. l

Here I use only seams that are expansible, employing in connection therewith a seal formed oi a slow setting plastic cement of rubber or the like that has a high value of (a) adhesion and (b) penetration so as to enter into the'bers of the Paper to prevent any wicking action with consequent migration of water. In consequence.

the watertight seal which is provided at every point along the seams is effective also to resist v migration of water into the package interior both through the liner. material and through the seams which join certain sections thereof. Such a cement, because of its slow setting nature, permits trapped air to escape from inside the package. An example of such a plastic adhesive is Insul- Mastic glue. a compound of gilsonite and petroleum asphalts with certain high grade llers and solvents for producing a workable consistency. It may be applied cold to a thickness ia" or more and when set will produce a. seal effective to prevent passage of both moisture and water.

I claim:

1. A package in which is combined an outer container and therewithin an oversize bottomed liner forming an.enclosure in surrounding relation to a contained articlefthe liner comprising a double spread of vapor-impermeable asphalt and a vehicle for the two asphalt spreads including three paper plies, one between the two spreads and the `others to the outside thereof, and all adhesively united thereto, the paper ply upon the outside face of the liner being creped with its ruga extending in a direction toward and from the liner bottom and all plies, including the asphalt spreads there-between, being ribbed uniformly in a direction angularly to the creped ruga.

2. A package in which is combined an outer container and therewithin a bottomed liner forming an enclosure in surrounding relation to a contained article, the liner comprising a laminated paper sheet with continuously extending intervening layers of water-impermeable asphalt fitted into the container to provide a bottom with walls connected thereto and to each other, and an expansible seam formed in each of two opposite walls extending upwardly yfrom the bottom and consisting of an edge portion of the liner sheet in adhesive yielding connection with a tongue formed by a reverse fold of another edge of the same sheet.

3. A package in which is combined an outer container and therewithin a bottomed liner forming an enclosure in surrounding relation to a contained articlethe liner being loosely fitted within the container with capacity for lying loosely against the walls thereof without distension, the liner comprising a multiply paper sheet incorporating a continuously extending intervening layer of vapor-impermeable plastic adhesive, and an expansible seam formed in each of two opposite walls extending upwardly from the bottom and consisting of an edge portion of the liner sheet in adhesive lyielding connection with a tongue formed by a reverse fold of another edge of the same sheet.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a multiply paper sheet incorporating a continuously extending intervening layer of vapor-impermeable plastic adhesive formed into a bottomed liner, the outermost -sheet being creped and the several sheets being corrugated in a direction angularly of the creping ruga, the liner having two opposite seamed walls and a top each comprised of partially overlapped sections, one of which is turned back on itself to provide a tongue, and a continuous separable connection between each tongue and the section adjacent thereto formed of a spread of waterproong plastic adhesive.

5. As a. new article of manufacture, a multiply paper sheet, incorporating a continuously extending layer of vapor-impermeable plastic adhesive, formed into a bottomed liner having two opposite 'seamed walls and a top each comprised of partially overlapping sections, the former of which each has one section turned back to provide a single tongue and the latter of which has both sections turned back to provide a pairoi interlocking tongues substantially-interconnecting the single tongues, and a continuous separable adhesive connection between eachtongue and the section adjacent thereto formed of a spread of waterproofing plastic sealing material.

d FREDERICK P. Woon.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

